for which the contemporary world with its historical and social circumstances no longer had any existence. ~ Albert Schweitzer. He also set in motion important ideas concerning our ethical treatment of animals . Widor had not grown up with knowledge of the old Lutheran hymns. of self-unfolding of the idea in which it creates its own opposite in order to overcome it, and so on and on until it finally returns to itself, having meanwhile traversed the whole of existence.". and time, making him inwardly free, so that he is fitted to be, in his own world and in his own time, a simple channel of the power of Jesus.". His brother, Dr. Paul Schweitzer, 83, was not able to be with him. Albert Schweitzer (1875-1965) Julian Gotobed, 2004 Albert Schweitzer was born on 14th January 1875 at Kaysersberg in Upper Alsace, Germany, a region that is now part of France. No greater tribute to his abilities as a conqueror of jungle need Schweitzer based his interpretation on his profound knowledge of personality, education, religious and social life of Bach. Although Paul is widely influenced by Hellenistic thought, he is not controlled by it. Albert Schweitzer (1875-1965) On March 21, 1913, theologian, organist, philosopher, physician, and medical missionary in Africa Albert Schweitzer together with his wife Helene start their voyage to Africa, to establish a hospital in Equatorial Africa. Among the messages he received was one from President Johnson. He was made an honorary member of the British Order of Merit in 1955. Schweitzer came to French Equatorial Africa as a tall, handsome, broadly powerful young man with a shock of rich, black hair, an enormous mustache and a look of piercing determination in his bold eyes. In 2016, he may be a somewhat forgotten, or even a controversial, figure but a half a century or more ago, the mere mention of the name Schweitzer instantly conjured up images of selflessness, heroism and the very model of a modern, humane physician. On his trip to Europe, Schweitzer invariably made his headquarters at his home in Gunsbach, which was expanded until it was also a leave and rest center for the hospital staff. We really seem to see before us what the philosophy of all ages conceives as the fundamental mystery of things--that He died at 11:30 P.M. (6:30 P.M. New York time). A developed form of mysticism is attained when the "conception of the universal is reached and a man reflects upon his relation to the totality of being and to Being in itself". At the age of 18 he entered the University of Turning to Bach's nonchurch music, Schweitzer said: "The Brandenburg concertos are the purest product of Bach's polyphonic style. Also like Goethe, on whose life and works he was expert, Schweitzer came near to being a comprehensive man. Albert Schweitzer, born 1875 in Kaysersb erg in the province of Alsace-Lorraine in the German Empire, is perhaps mostly remembered for his work in Africa as a missionary. [8], Schweitzer's first language was the Alsatian dialect of German. From the first, when Schweitzer's hospital was a broken-down hen coop, natives flocked by foot, by improvised stretcher, by dugout canoe to Lambarene for medical attention. Albert Schweitzer (1966). His medical dissertation was titled, The Psychiatric Study of Jesus.. [59] In 1917, exhausted by over four years' work and by tropical anaemia, they were taken to Bordeaux and interned first in Garaison and then from March 1918 in Saint-Rmy-de-Provence. LAMBARENE, GABON, Sept. 5--Albert Schweitzer died last night in his jungle hospital here. He was buried at his hospital, later named Albert Schweitzer Hospital. Albert was born in 1875 in Kaysersberg (Alsace-Lorraine), Germany, (now Haut-Rhin, France), only two months after Germany annexed that province from France, as a result of winning the Franco-Prussian war. As recognition for his many years of humanitarian work he was awarded the Nobel Peace Price in 1952 and in 1955, Queen Elizabeth II conferred on him Great Britain's highest civilian award, the Order of Merit. You see, the Good Lord has protected the trees. The film The Legacy of Albert Schweitzer, narrated by Henry Fonda, was produced by Warner Brothers and aired once. Now, without context, it seems that Albert Schweitzer rejects the whole project of historical Jesus research. world's end did not occur, according to Schweitzer's view, Jesus decided that He must undergo an atoning sacrifice, and that the great transformation would take place on the cross. Throughout his lifetime, he was presented various accolades, including The Nobel Peace Prize and the Goethe Prize. Rather, Paul uses the phrase "being-in-Christ" to illustrate how Jesus is a mediator between the Christian community and God. His death was attributed to circulatory trouble brought on by his advanced age. Trensz conducted experiments showing that the non-amoebic strain of dysentery was caused by a paracholera vibrion (facultative anaerobic bacteria). sermons as well as to his scalpel, for he believed that the good shepherd saves not only the animal but also his soul. [74] Albert Schweitzer noted the contribution of Indian influence in his book Indian Thought and Its Development:[75]. He insisted on seeing personally that the youngster got a prompt and touching reply from his own pen before work was permitted to resume. You must give some time to your fellow man. Schweitzer, the pastor's son, grew up in this exceptional environment of religious tolerance, and developed the belief that true Christianity should always work towards a unity of faith and purpose. Will Peace Living. [39][failed verification] He wrote that in his view, in the Gospel of Mark, Jesus speaks of a "tribulation", with his "coming in the clouds with great power and glory" (St. Mark), and states that it will happen but it has not: "This generation shall not pass, till all these things be fulfilled" (St. Matthew, 24:34) or, "have taken place" (Luke 21:32). yet he was a foe to materialism and to the century's criteria for personal success. Louis Schweitzer, Alberts father, was pastor to a Lutheran congregation at Kaysersberg, a Protestant church located in a predominantly Catholic place. It resides in their vault today in deteriorating condition. In their first nine months in Africa, they treated more than 2,000 patients. During his compulsory military service in 1894, Schweitzer had an epiphany of sorts while reading the Book of Matthew, Chapters 10 and 11 (in Greek, no less). Schweitzer developed a technique for recording the performances of Bach's music. The waiting room and dormitory were built, like native huts, of unhewn logs along a path leadingl to the boat landing. Pain is a more terrible lord of mankind than even death itself. Though he took theology at university, studying at the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Universitt in Strasbourg and at the Sorbonne in Paris before publishing his PhD thesis - on The Religious Philosophy of Kant - at the University of Tbingen in 1899, he first found acclaim as a scholar of music. 3 in A minor. As a boy, Albert was frail in health but robust in intellect and talent. This book, which established his reputation, was first published in English in 1910 as The Quest of the Historical Jesus. In addition to injuries, he was often treating severe sandflea and crawcraw infections, yaws, tropical eating sores, heart disease, tropical dysentery, tropical malaria, sleeping sickness, leprosy, fevers, strangulated hernias, necrosis, abdominal tumours and chronic constipation and nicotine poisoning, while also attempting to deal with deliberate poisonings, fetishism and fear of cannibalism among the Mbahouin. Albert Schweitzer. He is the author or editor of 10 books, including Quarantine! "Never say there is nothing beautiful in the world anymore. He apparently did so in the company of his two cats, "Sizi" and . it.". R.D. "You see, the good Lord has protected the trees. During 1934 and 1935 he resided in Britain, delivering the Gifford Lectures at Edinburgh University, and those on Religion in Modern Civilization at Oxford and London. He received the 1952 Nobel Peace Prize for his philosophy of "Reverence for Life", which states that the only thing we are really sure of is that we live and want to go on living. That said, Dr. Schweitzer did devote more than half a century to practicing medicine in a remote location where few of his colleagues would dare to visit and for people who desperately needed medical care. And so he proceeded to build a hospital appropriate to the needs of junior brothers with standards of hygiene reminiscent of medical practice in the days before the germ theory of disease came into being."[63]. [76][77] Translating several couplets from the work, he remarked that the Kural insists on the idea that "good must be done for its own sake" and said, "There hardly exists in the literature of the world a collection of maxims in which we find so much lofty wisdom. of self-imposed exile in Africa. These chapters started a chain But no such meaning was found, and the rational, life-affirming optimism of the Age of Enlightenment began to evaporate. brought to a halt lest nests of ants be killed or disturbed. the right choices. There were no significant differences in all-cause and cardiovascular death, stroke and major adverse cardiovascular events. He was the son of Louis Schweitzer and Adle Schillinger. the neighboring village of Gunsbach amid the foothills of the Vosges. Astounding plans e'en now are brewing: it less unruly); age seamed his face, shrunk his frame, made him appear bandy-legged; time softened his eyes and made them less severe. Of course, it had no telephone, radio or airstrip. True to his pledge, Schweitzer turned from music and theology to service to others. Even so, Schweitzer found many instances in world religions and philosophies in which the principle was denied, not least in the European Middle Ages, and in the Indian Brahminic philosophy. The technique has since been used to record many modern instruments. Each of us has cause to think with deep gratitude of those who have lighted the flame within us. In July 1918, after being transferred to his home in Alsace, he was a free man again. One of Schweitzer's major arguments in The Mysticism of Paul the Apostle is that Paul's mysticism, marked by his phrase "being in Christ", gives the clue to the whole of Pauline theology. [19] The result was two volumes (J. S. Bach), which were published in 1908 and translated into English by Ernest Newman in 1911. Ara Paul Barsam (2002) "Albert Schweitzer, jainism and reverence for life" in: Albert Schweitzer and Charles Rhind Joy (1947). at the drop of a cause. Albert Schweitzer. With Faust himself he could join in saying: This sphere of earthly soil Three years after the end of World War II, in 1948, he returned for the first time to Europe and kept travelling back and forth (and once to the US) as long as he was able. After briefly occupying a shed formerly used as a chicken hut, in late 1913 they built their first hospital of corrugated iron, with a consulting room and operating theatre and with a dispensary and sterilising room. The University of Tubingen published the dissertation that resulted in 1899. Respect for life, overcoming coarser impulses and hollow doctrines, leads the individual to live in the service of other people and of every living creature. '"[72] In nature one form of life must always prey upon another. ", His attitude was sharply expressed in a story he liked to tell of his orange trees. Albert Schweitzer (1875 - 1965) was an Alsatian who dedicated his life to alleviating the suffering of Blacks in Africa, likely due to his Christian convictions. Among the neonatal deaths, 27% occurred on the first day of life, and 80% occurred during the first 10 days of life. He had originally conducted trials for recordings for HMV on the organ of the old Queen's Hall in London. J. S. Bach: Prelude and Fugue in A major, BWV 536; Prelude and Fugue in F minor, BWV 534; Prelude and Fugue in B minor, BWV 544; Toccata and Fugue in D minor, BWV 538. barred him from preaching at the station, but agreed to accept his medical skills. After retiring as a practicing doctor, Albert Schweitzer continued to oversee the hospital until his death at the age of 90. Name in native language. The peer-supporting lifelong network of "Schweitzer Fellows for Life" numbered over 2,000 members in 2008, and is growing by nearly 1,000 every four years. In the Schweitzer method, the figure-8 is replaced by two small diaphragm condenser microphones pointed directly away from each other. Sir Donald Tovey dedicated his conjectural completion of Bach's The Art of Fugue to Schweitzer. 1924 In 1924 he returned to his hospital in Lambarene, which was to be restored after years of decay during his absence. "He is a figure to school for a few hours every day and then going back to the fields. He sought to exemplify the idea that man, through good works, can be in the world and in God at one and the same time. Schweitzer was born 14 January 1875 in Kaysersberg in Alsace, in what had less than four years previously become the Imperial Territory of Alsace-Lorraine in the German Empire after being French for more than two centuries; he later became a citizen of France after World War I, when Alsace became French territory again. But how are we of the post-colonial age to understand a man who was born in 1875 and saw the world very differently from the way we do? In 1917, the Schweitzers were returned to France and later to Alsace. An ethical human strives to escape from this contradiction so far as possible. Once in Lambarn, he established a small hospital at a station set up by the Paris Missionary Society. This new form of activity I could not represent to myself as talking In 1899, he astonished Widor by explaining figures and motifs in Bach's Chorale Preludes as painter-like tonal and rhythmic imagery illustrating themes from the words of the hymns on which they were based. He had little but contempt for the nationalist movement, for his attitudes were firmly grounded in They ranged from leprosy, dysentery, elephantiasis, sleeping sickness, malaria, yellow fever, to wounds incurred by encounters. In 1957, Schweitzer was one of the founders of The Committee for a Sane Nuclear Policy. Instead, he seemed to many observers to be a simple, almost rustic man, who dressed in rumpled clothing, suffered fools gladly, stated fundamental verities patiently and paternally Helene took up nursing to help her husband in his pursuits; later, she became skilled at delivering anesthesia to the patients on whom Albert would operate. Schweitzer's wife, Helene Schweitzer, served as an anaesthetist for surgical operations. for a specific application of Reverence for Life. Medical mistakes claim about 400,000 people every year in U.S. "Constant kindness can accomplish much. His medical degree dissertation was another work on the historical Jesus, Die psychiatrische Beurteilung Jesu. In line with the 20th century he sought to put religion on a rational footing and to accept the advances of science; own, is understandable when one considers the enormous achievement he has attained in his own lifetime. Schweitzer's probing conception of Bach created a sensation in its time, and it still remains a classic study, not only for the detailed instructions it provides for the playing of Bach but also for its challenging esthetic. Hnelle mynnettiin vuoden 1952 Nobelin rauhanpalkinto . A second German edition was published in 1913, containing theologically significant revisions and expansions: this revised edition did not appear in English until 2001. As the sun makes ice melt, kindness causes misunderstanding, mistrust, and hostility to evaporate." ~ Albert Schweitzer. Albert Schweitzer suffered a stroke on 28 August 1965 and died from it on 4 September 1965 in Lambarn., at the age of 90. He also studied piano at that time with Marie Jall. chief force of the famous hospital at Lambarene, in Gabon, the former French Equatorial Africa. "Even if it's a little thing, do something for those who have need of a man's help, something for which you get no pay but the privilege of doing In 1898, he returned to Paris to write a PhD dissertation on The Religious Philosophy of Kant at the Sorbonne, and to study in earnest with Widor. He fell ill from exhaustion on Aug. 28 and his condition worsened steadily. Wikisource. Schweitzer was one of colonialism's harshest critics. Altogether his early Columbia discs included 25 records of Bach and eight of Csar Franck. Dr. Albert Schweitzer who renounced fame and fortune as a musician 43 years ago - and who is on a visit to London - went to the Royal festival Hall yesterday - where he tried out the festival organ which he said ''She is magnificent - she is beautiful''. [judecat de valoare] n 1952 a primit Premiul Nobel pentru Pace . Until he extends the circle of his compassion to all living things, man will not himself find peace. Much of the building work was carried out with the help of local people and patients. The maladies the Schweitzers treated were both horrific and deadly. Schweitzer writes: The Jesus of Nazareth who came forward publicly as the Messiah, who preached the ethic of the kingdom of God, who founded the kingdom of heaven upon earth and died to give his work its final consecration never existed. '"[67] Chinua Achebe has criticized him for this characterization, though Achebe acknowledges that Schweitzer's use of the word "brother" at all was, for a European of the early 20th century, an unusual expression of human solidarity between Europeans and Africans. Schweitzer considered his work as a medical missionary in Africa to be his response to Jesus' call to become "fishers of men". Schweitzer considered his ethic of Reverence for Life, not his hospital, his most important legacy, saying that his Lambarn Hospital was just "my own improvisation on the theme of Reverence for Life. For 158 years now, it has continued to be the well-worn and widely accepted conclusion that Albert, Prince Consort to Queen Victoria, died an untimely death by typhoid fever on 14 December 1861.Without recourse to detailed research or the challenging of past conclusions, this cause of death has been repeated from one source to the next as a given. He and his wife are buried on the Hospital grounds in Lambarn. The tourists got the point and he returned to his meal. Many of his basic ideas have been adopted without having his name connected with them. [41] Primitive mysticism "has not yet risen to a conception of the universal, and is still confined to naive views of earthly and super-earthly, temporal and eternal". Meantime, as these beliefs were maturing in Schweitzer's mind, he continued his student life at Strasbourg and fixed with great precision the course of his future. and worked unobtrusively. We must make atonement for the still worse ones, which we do not read about in the papers, crimes that are shrouded in the silence of the jungle night Schweitzer was nonetheless still sometimes accused of being paternalistic in his attitude towards Africans. the United States and lectured on Goethe at a conference in Aspen, Colo. He made the Africans too lazy to pick them bare.. (78rpm HMV C 1532 and C 1543), cf. On departure for Lambarn in 1913, he was presented with a pedal piano, a piano with pedal attachments to operate like an organ pedal-keyboard. Albert Schweitzer, OM (14 January 1875 - 4 September 1965) was a French-German theologian, organist, philosopher, and physician.He was born in the German province of Alsace-Lorraine and although that region had been reintegrated into the German Empire four years earlier, and remained a German province until 1918, he considered himself French and wrote mostly in French. disease (leprosy), dysentery, elephantiasis, sleeping sickness, malaria, yellow fever and animal wounds. Under this title the book became famous in the English-speaking world. The committee of this missionary society was not ready to accept his offer, considering his Lutheran theology to be "incorrect". READ MORE: No, Oscar Wilde probably didnt die of syphilis. He received his M.D. East European Jewish Immigrants and the New York City Epidemics of 1892, When Germs Travel: Six Major Epidemics That Have Invaded America Since 1900 and the Fears They Have Unleashed and An Anatomy of Addiction: Sigmund Freud, William Halsted, and the Miracle Drug Cocaine., Left: The Albert Schweitzer Page; Association Internationale Albert Schweitzer; Albert Schweitzer mzeum s archvum Gnsbach; Albert Schweitzer Fellowship; Readings on Reverence for Life; Bruderhof Peacemakers Guide profile on Albert Schweitzer; Page at the Nobel e-Museum Archivlva 2004. augusztus 15-i dtummal a Wayback Machine-ben Subscribe to Here's the Deal, our politics newsletter. [17], In 1905, Schweitzer began his study of medicine at the University of Strasbourg, culminating in the degree of M.D. He was elected to the French Academy in 1951. Humanitarian and theologian. Schweitzer continued to work tirelessly to promote a life-affirming society until his death in 1965, at the age of 90. October 27, 2021 Ludwig Philipp Albert Schweitzer known as 'Alsatian polymath', was a theologian, humanitarian philosopher, and physician. https://www.pbs.org/newshour/health/dr-albert-schweitzer-a-renowned-medical-missionary-with-a-complicated-history. The years thinned and grayed his hair (without making RM E0MKEE - Oct. 10, 1955 - Dr. Albert Schweitzer plays the festival hall organ. During his return visits to his home village of Gunsbach, Schweitzer continued to make use of the family house, which after his death became an archive and museum to his life and work. Lambarene resembled not so much a hospital as a native village where physicians cared for the sick. E.M.G., op. At the same time, he was a child of the 19th century, accepting 19th-century benevolence. Biography - A Short Wiki Muntz and Friedman, both Holocaust survivors, to record his work and daily life at the hospital. Although several attempts have been made to restore and re-air the film, all access has been denied.[82]. Learn more about Friends of the NewsHour. These included the cults of Attis, Osiris, and Mithras. The laying down of the commandment to not kill and to not damage is one of the greatest events in the spiritual history of mankind. [22] Schweitzer's interpretative approach greatly influenced the modern understanding of Bach's music. [83] He was also a chevalier of the Military and Hospitaller Order of Saint Lazarus of Jerusalem. Basketball, Argument, Life Is. She ", "The Jesus of Nazareth . . Albert Schweitzer and Max Gerson become lifelong friends after Dr. Gerson's therapy cured Schweitzer of his Type II diabetes, cured Albert's daughter of a chronic skin condition, and saved the life of Albert's wife, suffering from tuberculosis of the lung, which had not responded to conventional treatment. He established a hospital and treated the natives there. Indeed, building was often The epidemic promoted He took to playing the organ as soon as he was big enough to reach the pedals and amazed all who listened to him. Albert Schweitzer, circa 1960 in Lambarn, Gabon, where he established a hospital. Although unacceptable in todays culture, Dr. Schweitzers comments about those he treated were, sadly, all too common during his era, one marked by colonialism, paternalism and racist views. of thought that resulted in "The Quest for the Historical Jesus." [53] In June 1912, he married Helene Bresslau, municipal inspector for orphans and daughter of the Jewish pan-Germanist historian Harry Bresslau.[54]. Schweitzer regarded most native Africans as children, as primitives. who founded the kingdom of Heaven upon earth, and died to give his work the final consecration, never had any existence," Schweitzer wrote. were quite familiar with the businesslike and sometimes grumpy and brusque Schweitzer in a solar hat who hurried along the construction of a building by gingering up the native craftsmen with a sharp: "Allez-vous OPP! [20] Ernst Cassirer, a contemporaneous German philosopher, called it "one of the best interpretations" of Bach. Schweitzer earnestly sought to live his philosophy, which for him was a creedal guide to action. Additionally, he argues that this view of a "union with the divinity, brought about by efficacious ceremonies, is found even in quite primitive religions". Date of death. award rationale. [92], Recordings of Schweitzer playing the music of Bach are available on CD. These recordings were made in the course of a fortnight in October 1936.[94]. [67] He summarized his views on European-African relations by saying "With regard to the negroes, then, I have coined the formula: 'I am your brother, it is true, but your elder brother. Everyone can have their own Lambarn". He was theologian, musicologist, organ technician, physician and surgeon, missionary, philosopher of ethics, lecturer, writer and the builder and Schweitzer, who insisted that the score should show Bach's notation with no additional markings, wrote the commentaries for the Preludes and Fugues, and Widor those for the Sonatas and Concertos: six volumes were published in 191214. The compound was staffed by 3 unpaid physicians, 7 nurses and 13 volunteer helpers. 97 Copy quote. People robbed native inhabitants of their land, made slaves of them, let loose the scum of mankind upon them. He also noted the lack of Africans trained to be skilled workers. (78rpm Columbia ROX 146152), cf. His pamphlet "The Art of Organ Building and Organ Playing in Germany and France" (1906,[25] republished with an appendix on the state of the organ-building industry in 1927) effectively launched the 20th-century Orgelbewegung, which turned away from romantic extremes and rediscovered baroque principlesalthough this sweeping reform movement in organ building eventually went further than Schweitzer had intended. It was about 200 miles away from the mouth of the Ogoou River at Port Gentil (now Cape Lopez). Babies, even in the leper enclave, dropped toys into the dust of the unpaved streets and then popped them into their mouths. [84][bettersourceneeded], Schweitzer is often cited in vegetarian literature as being an advocate of vegetarianism in his later years. "They are appropriate, therefore, to any world for in every world they raise the man who dares to meet their challenge, and does not turn them and twist them into meaninglessness, above his world
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